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IV ATP Potentiates Midazolam Sedation as Assessed by Bispectral Index
Satoru Sakurai DDS, PhD,
 Atsuo Fukunaga MD, PhD,
 Tatsuya Ichinohe DDS, PhD, and
 Yuzuru Kaneko DDS, PhD
Article Category: Other
Volume/Issue: Volume 61: Issue 3
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2014
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-61.3.95
Page Range: 95 – 98

Intravenous (IV) adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) infusion has been used for various clinical indications. 1 However, when ATP is infused intravenously, it is rapidly broken down into adenosine. Thus, we assumed that ATP would act in a similar fashion to adenosine. Adenosine is an endogenous neuromodulator that is capable of inducing sedation and sleep. There is good evidence that adenosine is an endogenous sleep-promoting molecule. 2 , 3 Further, a low dose of adenosine infusion (80–140 μg/kg/min) in humans has been shown to stimulate

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Figure 1.  ; Intravenous adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) potentiates midazolam sedation in healthy volunteers. Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 10. *P < .05 midazolam + saline versus midazolam + ATP. BIS indicates bispectral index.
Satoru Sakurai,
 Atsuo Fukunaga,
 Tatsuya Ichinohe, and
 Yuzuru Kaneko
<bold>Figure 1. </bold>
Figure 1. 

Intravenous adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) potentiates midazolam sedation in healthy volunteers. Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 10. *P < .05 midazolam + saline versus midazolam + ATP. BIS indicates bispectral index.

Figure 2.  ; Change in hemodynamic variables. Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 10. *P < .05 versus baseline control. SBP indicates systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; and HR, heart rate.
Satoru Sakurai,
 Atsuo Fukunaga,
 Tatsuya Ichinohe, and
 Yuzuru Kaneko
<bold>Figure 2. </bold>
Figure 2. 

Change in hemodynamic variables. Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 10. *P < .05 versus baseline control. SBP indicates systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; and HR, heart rate.

Figure 3.  ; A. Change in respiratory variables: respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (TV), minute ventilation (VE). Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 10. *P < .05 versus baseline control. B. Change in respiratory variables: oxygen saturation (SpO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2). Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 10. *P < .05 versus baseline control.
Satoru Sakurai,
 Atsuo Fukunaga,
 Tatsuya Ichinohe, and
 Yuzuru Kaneko
<bold>Figure 3. </bold>
Figure 3. 

A. Change in respiratory variables: respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (TV), minute ventilation (VE). Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 10. *P < .05 versus baseline control. B. Change in respiratory variables: oxygen saturation (SpO2), end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2). Data are presented as mean ± SD, n = 10. *P < .05 versus baseline control.

Subject Index, Volume 61
Article Category: Other
Volume/Issue: Volume 61: Issue 4
Online Publication Date: Dec 01, 2014
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-61.4.184
Page Range: 184 – 184

Acute angle-closure glaucoma, 155 Adrenal hypoplasia, 158 Adrenaline, 150 Adverse drug reactions, 26 Airway fire, 21 Airway management, 78, 113, 162 Anesthesia, 63, 164 Anesthesiology, 3 Anti-emetic prophylaxis, 18 Antipsychotics, 150 Appropriate head position, 47 ATP, 95 Bolus infusion, 18 Calcium channel antagonist, 18 Cavity, 111 Central adenosine receptors, 95 Cerebrovascular event, 73 Complication, 73

IFDAS Abstracts
Yuzuru Kaneko DDS, PhD and
 Kazuaki Fukushima DDS, PhD
Article Category: Abstract
Volume/Issue: Volume 54: Issue 4
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2007
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006(2007)54[188:IA]2.0.CO;2
Page Range: 188 – 224

aminophylline, and if necessary, subsequent sequential administration can be applied with no side effects. This titration technique will clinically facilitate aminophylline antagonism in isoflurane anesthetized patients. Intravenous Atp Potentiates and Aminophylline Reverses The Sedative/Hypnotic Effect of Sevoflurane Satoru Sakurai, Atsuo Fukunaga, Tatsuya Ichinohe, Yuzuru Kaneko, and Takaki Yamazaki, Tokyo Dental College, Japan Endogenous adenosine neuromodulatory actions, which modulate synaptic neurotransmission may play an important

Author Index, Volume 61
Article Category: Other
Volume/Issue: Volume 61: Issue 4
Online Publication Date: Dec 01, 2014
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-61.4.183
Page Range: 183 – 183

Elmore JR, 69 Prior SR, see Smiley MK, 3 Probst S, see Croft K, 18 Rashewsky SE, see Lindemeyer RG, 158 Reader A, see Younkin K, 63 Rosenberg MB, see Becker DE, 78 Rosenberg MB, Essentials of Airway Management, Oxygenation, and Ventilation: Part 2: Advanced Airway Devices: Supraglottic Airways (continuing education), 113 Sakurai S, IV ATP Potentiates Midazolam Sedation as Assessed by Bispectral Index (scientific report), 95 Sanders BJ, see VanCleave, 21 Sanuki T, Comparison of Insertion

JDSA Journal Abstracts
Article Category: Other
Volume/Issue: Volume 60: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2013
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-60.2.82
Page Range: 82 – 88

, the relationships between DEX and YOH have shown that it represents an additive effect. On the other hand, IDA didn't show any effect of CAPs and the prevention of CAPs by DEX (Figs. 6, 7). Since YOH, and also the K atp channel blocker, inhibited CAPs, and IDA without a K atp interception action did not inhibit CAPs, a possibility that the K atp channel was participating in the CAPs inhibitory action of DEX and YOH was suggested. Figure 1. Design of plastic nerve chamber The

Recurrent Coronary Artery Spasm Induced by Vasopressors During Two Operations in the Same Patient Under General Anesthesia
Naotaka Kishimoto DDS, PhD,
 Munenori Kato DDS,
 Yasunori Nakanishi DDS,
 Akari Hasegawa DDS, and
 Yoshihiro Momota DDS, PhD
Article Category: Case Report
Volume/Issue: Volume 65: Issue 1
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2018
DOI: 10.2344/anpr-64-04-04
Page Range: 44 – 49

because it returned soon at the first operation. We administered nicorandil to prevent the recurrence of CAS during the second operation. Nicorandil is an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive potassium channel activator. The opening of ATP-sensitive potassium channels leads to hyperpolarization of the cell membrane, which in turn reduces the probability of voltage-gated calcium channel opening. Nicorandil interferes with activation of voltage-dependent calcium channels and may also interfere with release of calcium from intracellular sequestration sites. This

Malignant Hyperthermia: A Case Study in the Dental Ambulatory Surgery Setting
Bryant W. Cornelius DDS, MBA, MPH,
 Shelby Olsen Dib DDS,
 Regina A. Dowdy DDS,
 Christina K. Horton DDS,
 Katherine Frimenko DDS,
 Shadee Mansour DMD,
 Farah Abu Sharkh DDS,
 Marcus T. Joy DDS,
 David L. Hall DDS,
 Hany A. Emam BDS, MS,,
 Courtney A. Jatana DDS, MS, FACS,, and
 Kelly S. Kennedy DDS, MS
Article Category: Case Report
Volume/Issue: Volume 66: Issue 4
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2019
DOI: 10.2344/anpr-66-04-03
Page Range: 202 – 210

the protein by magnesium. 14 As a result, triggering agents cause the RYR protein to open more easily and remain open longer, resulting in prolonged ECC and subsequent skeletal muscle contraction. 10 , 15 During normal ECC, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is metabolized every time Ca 2+ is utilized. For example, ATP is used when Ca 2+ unbinds from troponin during muscle relaxation and during removal of Ca 2+ from the sarcoplasm back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 15 , 16 The hypermetabolic state associated with MH occurs as a result of the abnormal amounts of