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A thorough and focused assessment of the airway prior to the planned administration of moderate sedation or deep sedation/general anesthesia (GA) is of vital importance. Over the years, studies of closed claims have focused on the association of respiratory and airway issues with mortality and severe morbidity in hospital and off-site locations. 1 – 3 The Closed Claims Project of the American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) evaluated adverse anesthetic outcomes obtained from the closed claim files of 35 U.S. liability insurance companies

sedation/anesthesia practices during dental care are very limited in the reviewed literature. This questionnaire-based study was designed to investigate common practice characteristics and techniques used by dental sedation/anesthesia providers in the United States. METHODS This study was designed as a questionnaire-based survey, undertaken from April 2008 to December 2008. Approved by the institutional review board at the University of Pittsburgh, this study was designed to identify and quantify practice characteristics and techniques

Robert S. Locke Robert S. Locke The son of a general dentist, Robert (Bob) Locke was born in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. In 1953, Dr Locke graduated from the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto. Instead of entering general practice with his father, he followed his passion of anaesthesia. The Faculty offered him a fellowship to study dental anaesthesia at the University of Pittsburgh under the legendary Dr Leonard Monheim. He jumped at this opportunity and was accepted by Monheim. Upon

now more than 60 contributors. This book is divided into 2 main sections: Principles of Anesthesia and Practice of Anesthesia. The first section consists of 32 chapters, which cover the major body systems and background subsections on such topics as physics, statistics, pharmacology, and the physiology of nearly every body system. The second section discusses actual clinical practice from monitoring to anesthesia for virtually every situation imaginable, such as the intensive care unit, preoperative assessment, intercurrent disease, complications of anesthesia

is the occasional misspelling of arrhythmia . Despite these minor nuances, this book could easily be classified as a must-have text in the reference library of any healthcare professional, especially those providing anesthesia and sedation services.

Newsletter 2001 . 65 6 : 9–11 – 15 . 11 Nolan , J. , G. A. Chalkladis , J. Low , C. A. Olesch , and T. C. K. Brown . Anesthesia and pain management in cerebral palsy. Anesthesist 2000 . 55 : 32 – 41 . 12 Adams , Am and A. F. Smith . Risk perception and communication: recent developments and implications for anesthesia. Anaesthesia 2001 . 56 : 745 – 755 . 13

Tracheostomy is common in cases with a high risk of airway obstruction after head and neck surgery. Management of the tracheostomy tube requires frequent sputum aspiration and regular replacement/cleaning to ensure airway patency. Tracheostomy tube exchange is often safe because it is performed under spontaneous ventilation. During the COVID-19 pandemic, it is desirable to replace the tracheostomy tube after extinguishing spontaneous ventilations to effectively prevent coughing when performing surgery under general anesthesia

A thorough assessment of a patient's medical status is a standard of care when any medication is administered during the course of dental care. While this is true for procedures performed under local anesthesia alone, the information gathered may be even more vital for proper patient management if the dentist is planning sedation or general anesthesia for dental treatment. In addition to any past and current medical conditions of the patient, the medical history must include all current medications and baseline vital signs, including

Complications attributed to moderate and deep levels of sedation are more often associated with respiratory compromise and have been reviewed in a previous continuing education article in this journal. 1 Sedation, and general anesthesia for that matter, have minimal influence on overall cardiovascular function in reasonably healthy patients. In fact, cardiovascular complications may be even more likely during dental procedures using local anesthesia alone than when sedation is provided. However, respiratory compromise, excessive drug dosages, or inadequate

Knowledge of reversal agents, or pharmacologic antagonists, is essential for all providers of sedation and general anesthesia. Reversal agents are defined as any drug used to counter the pharmacologic effects of another drug. 1 This article reviews common reversal agents used in contemporary sedation and anesthesia practice for dentistry, specifically flumazenil, naloxone, neostigmine, sugammadex, and phentolamine, and discusses their use in emergency management and routine practice. This article also reviews safety considerations and