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Figure 1.  ; A cephalometric analysis of oral and nasal airway length. We employed 4 landmarks for oral airway and 5 landmarks for nasal airway. These landmarks were smoothly connected by using the DICOM viewer.
Keiko Yao,
Kinuko Goto,
Akiko Nishimura,
Reina Shimazu,
Satoshi Tachikawa, and
Takehiko Iijima
<bold>Figure 1. </bold>
Figure 1. 

A cephalometric analysis of oral and nasal airway length. We employed 4 landmarks for oral airway and 5 landmarks for nasal airway. These landmarks were smoothly connected by using the DICOM viewer.

Figure 2. ; Correlation between patient height and oral tract length. A strong correlation between patient height and the length of the oral tract was confirmed (r = 0.691; p > .01). No significant difference was seen between separate plots for men and women.
Keiko Yao,
Kinuko Goto,
Akiko Nishimura,
Reina Shimazu,
Satoshi Tachikawa, and
Takehiko Iijima
<bold>Figure 2.</bold>
Figure 2.

Correlation between patient height and oral tract length. A strong correlation between patient height and the length of the oral tract was confirmed (r = 0.691; p > .01). No significant difference was seen between separate plots for men and women.

Figure 3. ; Correlation between patient height and nasal tract length. A strong correlation between patient height and the length of the nasal tract was confirmed (r = 0.760; p > .01). No significant difference was seen between separate plots for men and women.
Keiko Yao,
Kinuko Goto,
Akiko Nishimura,
Reina Shimazu,
Satoshi Tachikawa, and
Takehiko Iijima
<bold>Figure 3.</bold>
Figure 3.

Correlation between patient height and nasal tract length. A strong correlation between patient height and the length of the nasal tract was confirmed (r = 0.760; p > .01). No significant difference was seen between separate plots for men and women.

Figure 4. ; Bland-Altman plots for the bias between the estimated and measured values of oral tract length. A significant fixed bias was observed (p < .05).
Keiko Yao,
Kinuko Goto,
Akiko Nishimura,
Reina Shimazu,
Satoshi Tachikawa, and
Takehiko Iijima
<bold>Figure 4.</bold>
Figure 4.

Bland-Altman plots for the bias between the estimated and measured values of oral tract length. A significant fixed bias was observed (p < .05).

Figure 5. ; Bland-Altman plots for the bias between the estimated and measured values of nasal tract length. No significant fixed bias or proportional bias was observed (p > .05).
Keiko Yao,
Kinuko Goto,
Akiko Nishimura,
Reina Shimazu,
Satoshi Tachikawa, and
Takehiko Iijima
<bold>Figure 5.</bold>
Figure 5.

Bland-Altman plots for the bias between the estimated and measured values of nasal tract length. No significant fixed bias or proportional bias was observed (p > .05).

Figure 6. ; Intubation marker of the endotracheal tube. The distance to add to the airway length to help ensure appropriate tube depth (DM; distance between the distal edge of intubation guide mark and the tip).
Keiko Yao,
Kinuko Goto,
Akiko Nishimura,
Reina Shimazu,
Satoshi Tachikawa, and
Takehiko Iijima
<bold>Figure 6.</bold>
Figure 6.

Intubation marker of the endotracheal tube. The distance to add to the airway length to help ensure appropriate tube depth (DM; distance between the distal edge of intubation guide mark and the tip).

A Formula for Estimating the Appropriate Tube Depth for Intubation
Keiko YaoDDS,
Kinuko GotoDDS, PhD,
Akiko NishimuraDDS, PhD,
Reina ShimazuDDS,
Satoshi TachikawaDDS, PhD, and
Takehiko IijimaDDS, PhD, DMSc
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 66: Issue 1
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2019
DOI: 10.2344/anpr-65-04-04
Page Range: 8 – 13

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A Case of Successful Tracheal Tube Exchange With McGrath MAC for Tube Damage During Oral Surgery
Yuko Koyanagi,
Eiko Yokota,
Marina Iwata,
Ritsuko Shimazaki,
Toru Misaki, and
Yoshiyuki Oi
Article Category: Brief Report
Volume/Issue: Volume 67: Issue 3
Online Publication Date: Sep 29, 2020
DOI: 10.2344/anpr-67-02-01
Page Range: 174 – 176

referencing the preoperative lateral cephalogram. According to those measurements, the damage to the ETT was estimated to have occurred at the level of the epipharynx or oropharynx. Surgical instruments may cause this type of damage, 1 – 5 although there are few reports of ETT damage during sagittal split osteotomies. A spiral-wound, wire-reinforced ETT can be easily bent and displaced, which may have resulted in the tube approximating the lateral wall of the pharynx. Although in this case the surgeon was not aware of the ETT damage, the surgical instrument used for

Management of Patients With Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices in Dental, Oral, and Maxillofacial Surgery
James TomDDS, MS
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 63: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2016
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-63.2.95
Page Range: 95 – 104

less exposure to ionizing radiation than that seen in oncologic radiation therapy. For instance, comparing a typical orthodontic lateral cephalogram and cone-beam computed tomography lateral cephalogram to typical head and neck therapeutic radiation exposures, we find the dose to be extremely small. A traditional lateral cephalogram image exposes patients to 124.54 microsieverts, whereas head and neck ionizing radiation typically exposes patients to 6–10 Gy. 27 To quantify this comparison, the amount of grays a patient is subject to from a lateral cephalogram would

A Review of Muscular Dystrophies
Tiffany Hoang and
Regina A. E. DowdyDDS
Article Category: Other
Volume/Issue: Volume 71: Issue 1
Online Publication Date: May 03, 2024
DOI: 10.2344/673191
Page Range: 44 – 52

determine how difficult tracheal intubation would be if required. 16 If the patient is considered at high risk for aspiration pneumonia, awake intubation with a flexible fiber-optic scope should be considered. 16 Because it may be difficult to intubate patients with EDMD, it is important to assess with a cervical radiograph or lateral cephalogram prior to the proposed procedure. 16 TIVA is often chosen over inhalational anesthesia for a few reasons. 16 First, volatile agents are best avoided due to the possibility of rhabdomyolysis. 16 Second, TIVA allows for a