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Dexmedetomidine Enhances the Pulpal Anesthetic Effect of Lidocaine: A Pilot Study
Yoko TonookaDDS, PhD and
Katsuhisa SunadaDDS, PhD
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 65: Issue 1
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2018
DOI: 10.2344/anpr-65-01-05
Page Range: 38 – 43

hydrochloride (DEX) is an adrenergic alpha-2 receptor agonist that demonstrates analgesic, sedative, and hypotensive actions via central alpha-2A receptors. In addition, it acts on alpha-2B receptors of peripheral blood vessels, causing vasoconstriction. When coadministered with local anesthetics, DEX has been shown to enhance the anesthetic effects and prolong the duration of action of lidocaine. 8 In addition, DEX reduces blood pressure and can cause sedation. In a recent study, DEX was examined for its ability to enhance the anesthetic effects of lidocaine in the oral

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Figure 2. ; Dose response curve of DEX (n =16) This graph shows a dose dependent decrease CAPs amplitude for DEX. DEX EC50 was 11.96 μM.
<bold>Figure 2.</bold>
Figure 2.

Dose response curve of DEX (n =16)

This graph shows a dose dependent decrease CAPs amplitude for DEX.

DEX EC50 was 11.96 μM.

Figure 3.; Dose response curve of DEX. This graph showed dose response curve of DEX. DEX EC50 was almost 10 µM.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.

Dose response curve of DEX. This graph showed dose response curve of DEX. DEX EC50 was almost 10 µM.

Figure 5; Isobologram analysis of EC50 for lidocaine, DEX, and lidocaine with DEX. Line connecting lidocaine EC50 and DEX EC50 was an additive line. Point for EC50 of lidocaine with DEX was located below the additive line. The point for EC50 of lidocaine with DEX indicated synergy.
Figure 5
Figure 5

Isobologram analysis of EC50 for lidocaine, DEX, and lidocaine with DEX.

Line connecting lidocaine EC50 and DEX EC50 was an additive line. Point for EC50 of lidocaine with DEX was located below the additive line. The point for EC50 of lidocaine with DEX indicated synergy.

Figure 5; Isobologram analysis of EC50 for lidocaine, DEX, and lidocaine with DEX. Line connecting lidocaine EC50 and DEX EC50 was an additive line. Point for EC50 of lidocaine with DEX was located below the additive line. The point for EC50 of lidocaine with DEX indicated synergy.
Figure 5
Figure 5

Isobologram analysis of EC50 for lidocaine, DEX, and lidocaine with DEX.

Line connecting lidocaine EC50 and DEX EC50 was an additive line. Point for EC50 of lidocaine with DEX was located below the additive line. The point for EC50 of lidocaine with DEX indicated synergy.

Figure 3; Dose response curve of DEX (n  =  8). This graph showed a dose dependent decrease in AP amplitude. DEX EC50 was 12.19 ± 1.07 μM.
Figure 3
Figure 3

Dose response curve of DEX (n  =  8).

This graph showed a dose dependent decrease in AP amplitude. DEX EC50 was 12.19 ± 1.07 μM.

Figure 1.; Comfort and amnesia during postoperative sedation. DEX: Dexmedetomidine alone. DEX + PCS: Dexmedetomidine and propofol PCS (Patient-Controlled Sedation). * p  =  0.045.
Figure 1.
Figure 1.

Comfort and amnesia during postoperative sedation.

DEX: Dexmedetomidine alone.

DEX + PCS: Dexmedetomidine and propofol PCS (Patient-Controlled Sedation).

* p  =  0.045.

Figure 3; Dose response curve of DEX (n  =  8). This graph showed a dose dependent decrease in AP amplitude. DEX EC50 was 12.19 ± 1.07 μM.
Figure 3
Figure 3

Dose response curve of DEX (n  =  8).

This graph showed a dose dependent decrease in AP amplitude. DEX EC50 was 12.19 ± 1.07 μM.

Figure 4a.; % change of AP for DEX 10 µM + lidocaine 100 µM.
Figure 4a.
Figure 4a.

% change of AP for DEX 10 µM + lidocaine 100 µM.

Figure 7. ; % change of CAPs for 11.96 μM DEX + 80 μM IDA (n = 13), 11.96 μM DEX + Modified Liley solution (n = 8) These mixture solutions were composed of 11.96 μM DEX + 80 μM IDA and 11.96 μM DEX + Modified Liley solution, and these solutions were made by mixing equal volumes. The CAPs amplitude was indicated as the same value between groups.
<bold>Figure 7.</bold>
Figure 7.

% change of CAPs for 11.96 μM DEX + 80 μM IDA (n = 13), 11.96 μM DEX + Modified Liley solution (n = 8)

These mixture solutions were composed of 11.96 μM DEX + 80 μM IDA and 11.96 μM DEX + Modified Liley solution, and these solutions were made by mixing equal volumes.

The CAPs amplitude was indicated as the same value between groups.