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Essentials of Airway Management, Oxygenation, and Ventilation: Part 2: Advanced Airway Devices: Supraglottic Airways
M. B RosenbergDMD,
J. C PheroDMD, and
D. E BeckerDDS
Article Category: Other
Volume/Issue: Volume 61: Issue 3
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2014
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-61.3.113
Page Range: 113 – 118

This article reviews the evolution and use of advanced airway devices, specifically supraglottic airways (SGAs), with the emphasis on the laryngeal mask airway (LMA), as the next intervention in difficult airway and ventilation management after bag-mask ventilation has been attempted. Management of the unexpected difficult airway during deep sedation and general anesthesia remains the most important aspect in avoiding mortality and morbidity because of the severe consequences of inadequate ventilation and oxygenation, especially in out

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Essentials of Airway Management, Oxygenation, and Ventilation: Part 1: Basic Equipment and Devices
Daniel E. Becker,
Morton B. Rosenberg, and
James C. Phero
Article Category: Other
Volume/Issue: Volume 61: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2014
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-61.2.78
Page Range: 78 – 83

flow in liters per minute, and (c) a corrugated adaptor to which standard oxygen tubing can be attached. This tubing then connects to a supplemental or positive pressure device. The ideal regulator should allow for an oxygen flow of at least 15 liters per minute ( Figure 1 ). Figure 1.  Oxygen regulators and cylinder content. Oxygen regulators have various designs but all have the illustrated components. Cylinders have a valve stem at their top that is turned on to release oxygen to the regulator

Figure 2.  ; Devices for oxygen supplementation.
Daniel E. Becker,
Morton B. Rosenberg, and
James C. Phero
<bold>Figure 2. </bold>
Figure 2. 

Devices for oxygen supplementation.

Figure 4.  ; Final positioning of supraglottic airway. (A) Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) slightly moved down to show direct seal over glottis, permitting pressures of 20–40 cm H2O without pressurizing the stomach. Note that the practitioner must always verify that the device is past the base of the tongue to have adequate depth for creating a seal over the glottis. (B) Bronchoscope visualization of LMA centered over and sealing patient's glottis.
M. B Rosenberg,
J. C Phero, and
D. E Becker
<bold>Figure 4. </bold>
Figure 4. 

Final positioning of supraglottic airway. (A) Laryngeal mask airway (LMA) slightly moved down to show direct seal over glottis, permitting pressures of 20–40 cm H2O without pressurizing the stomach. Note that the practitioner must always verify that the device is past the base of the tongue to have adequate depth for creating a seal over the glottis. (B) Bronchoscope visualization of LMA centered over and sealing patient's glottis.

Figure 3.  ; Bag-valve-mask with reservoir. Top left: Tubing is connected to an oxygen source with 15 L/min supplied to the device and entering the reservoir bag while the ventilation bag is compressed. When the ventilation bag is released, it expands and oxygen within the reservoir is sucked into the ventilation bag filling it with oxygen for the next compression. In some models the reservoir bag is replaced with tubing that functions similarly. Ventilation bag sizes vary from approximately 250 mL for neonates to approximately 500 mL for children and approximately 1500 mL for adults. Top right: It is recommended that bag-valve-mask (BVM) resuscitation bags are equipped with manometers that monitor ventilation pressure. Bottom left and right: One- and two-person BVM ventilations illustrate the proper mask seal using the so-called C-E technique. The mask is sealed with the thumb and first finger forming a “C” configuration over the mask, and the remaining fingers (“E”) are placed under the mandible enhancing the seal and pulling the head into a tilted position.
Daniel E. Becker,
Morton B. Rosenberg, and
James C. Phero
<bold>Figure 3. </bold>
Figure 3. 

Bag-valve-mask with reservoir. Top left: Tubing is connected to an oxygen source with 15 L/min supplied to the device and entering the reservoir bag while the ventilation bag is compressed. When the ventilation bag is released, it expands and oxygen within the reservoir is sucked into the ventilation bag filling it with oxygen for the next compression. In some models the reservoir bag is replaced with tubing that functions similarly. Ventilation bag sizes vary from approximately 250 mL for neonates to approximately 500 mL for children and approximately 1500 mL for adults. Top right: It is recommended that bag-valve-mask (BVM) resuscitation bags are equipped with manometers that monitor ventilation pressure. Bottom left and right: One- and two-person BVM ventilations illustrate the proper mask seal using the so-called C-E technique. The mask is sealed with the thumb and first finger forming a “C” configuration over the mask, and the remaining fingers (“E”) are placed under the mandible enhancing the seal and pulling the head into a tilted position.

Modified Retrograde Nasal Intubation: A New Airway Technique and Devices
Vernon H. VivianMBChB,
Dip Anaes(SA),
Tyson L. PardonMD, and
Andre A. J. Van ZundertMD, PhD, EDRA
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 68: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jun 29, 2021
DOI: 10.2344/anpr-68-02-03
Page Range: 107 – 113

airway (FLMA) or orotracheal intubation with an oral RAE ETT, named after its inventors Ring, Adair, and Elwyn. However, these alternate airway devices may complicate surgery in the following ways: (1) the tube may remain in the surgical field, (2) accidental dislodgement of or damage to the airway device may occur as a result of sharing the surgical field, (3) the tube may preclude the ability to check the patient's occlusion, and (4) use of an LMA leaves patients vulnerable to laryngospasm. Current Methods for NTI At present, the standard

Management of Patients With Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Devices in Dental, Oral, and Maxillofacial Surgery
James TomDDS, MS
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 63: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2016
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-63.2.95
Page Range: 95 – 104

Recent statistics point to an increasing number of patients in North America with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), which include implantable cardiac pacemakers, implanted cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), cardiac resynchronization devices, and implantable cardiac monitors. In 2012, it was estimated that at least 3 million patients have these devices implanted and more than 250,000 new devices are implanted each year. 1 Of major concern to the dentist practitioner is the possibility of electromagnetic

Figure 3.; The comparison of the CCD device and the CMOS device. The length of the device with CCD camera. The length of the device with CMOS camera.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.

The comparison of the CCD device and the CMOS device.

The length of the device with CCD camera.

The length of the device with CMOS camera.

Comparative Efficacy of 2 Topical Anesthetics for the Placement of Orthodontic Temporary Anchorage Devices
Derek S. ReznikBS, DDS, MS,
Arthur H. JeskeDMD, PhD,
Jung-Wei ChenDDS, MS, PhD, and
Jeryl EnglishDDS, MS
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 56: Issue 3
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2009
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-56.3.81
Page Range: 81 – 85

Anchorage control is fundamental to successful orthodontic treatment. Miniscrews, or orthodontic temporary anchorage devices (TADs), have recently emerged as an increasingly more common means of providing the orthodontist with intraoral absolute anchorage. TADs are able to be loaded immediately following placement, can be placed quickly and efficiently, do not require a mucoperiosteal flap for placement or removal, and can be placed by the orthodontist. 1 – 4 Topical anesthesia has been shown to reduce the discomfort of local

Appropriate Head Position for Nasotracheal Intubation by Using Lightwand Device (Trachlight)
Yozo ManabeDDS, PhD,
Shigeru IwamotoDDS,
Mika SetoDDS, PhD, and
Kazuna SugiyamaDDS, PhD
Article Category: Other
Volume/Issue: Volume 61: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2014
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-61.2.47
Page Range: 47 – 52

Nasotracheal intubation is often indicated in oral and maxillofacial surgery. An alternative orotracheal intubation technique using the lightwand device Trachlight (TL) (Laerdal Medical, Armonk, NY) has been reported to facilitate tracheal intubation in patients with difficult airways. 1 Some reports discussing the validity of using TL for nasotracheal intubation are available. 2 , 3 In addition, the incidence of complications with light-guided intubation is reported to be low because elevation of the epiglottis by the laryngoscope blade