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A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison of 2% Lidocaine With 1 : 100,000 Epinephrine, 4% Prilocaine With 1 : 200,000 Epinephrine, and 4% Prilocaine for Maxillary Infiltrations
Steven Katz DDS, MS,
 Melissa Drum DDS, MS,
 Al Reader DDS, MS,
 John Nusstein DDS, MS, and
 Mike Beck DDS, MA
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 57: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2010
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-57.2.45
Page Range: 45 – 51

Maxillary infiltration anesthesia is a common method of anesthetizing maxillary teeth. Previous studies 1 – 18 have evaluated the success of maxillary infiltrations using the electric pulp tester. With a volume of ≤1.8 mL and various anesthetic formulations, pulpal anesthetic success (ie, obtaining maximum output with an electric pulp tester) ranged from 62–100%. Four percent prilocaine with 1 : 200,000 epinephrine has been found to be equivalent to 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks. 19

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A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Comparison of 2% Mepivacaine With 1 : 20,000 Levonordefrin Versus 2% Lidocaine With 1 : 100,000 Epinephrine for Maxillary Infiltrations
Ingrid Lawaty DMD,
 Melissa Drum DDS, MS,
 Al Reader DDS, MS, and
 John Nusstein DDS, MS
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 57: Issue 4
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2010
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-57.4.139
Page Range: 139 – 144

Maxillary infiltration anesthesia is a common method to anesthetize maxillary teeth. A number of studies 1 – 5 have evaluated mepivacaine with epinephrine or levonordefrin in operative dentistry and for surgical procedures. However, electric pulp testing was not performed to evaluate pulpal anesthesia. Hinkley et al, 6 in an experimental study of pulpal anesthesia, have shown that 2% mepivacaine with 1 : 20,000 levonordefrin is equivalent to 2% lidocaine with 1 : 100,000 epinephrine for an inferior alveolar nerve block. Because anesthesia

Figure 1; Incidence of maxillary lateral incisor pulpal anesthesia as determined by lack of response to electric pulp testing at the maximum setting (percentage of 80 readings), at each postinjection time interval, for the 3 anesthetic solutions.
Steven Katz,
 Melissa Drum,
 Al Reader,
 John Nusstein, and
 Mike Beck
Figure 1
Figure 1

Incidence of maxillary lateral incisor pulpal anesthesia as determined by lack of response to electric pulp testing at the maximum setting (percentage of 80 readings), at each postinjection time interval, for the 3 anesthetic solutions.

Figure 2; Incidence of maxillary first molar pulpal anesthesia as determined by lack of response to electric pulp testing at the maximum setting (percentage of 80 readings), at each postinjection time interval, for the 3 anesthetic solutions.
Steven Katz,
 Melissa Drum,
 Al Reader,
 John Nusstein, and
 Mike Beck
Figure 2
Figure 2

Incidence of maxillary first molar pulpal anesthesia as determined by lack of response to electric pulp testing at the maximum setting (percentage of 80 readings), at each postinjection time interval, for the 3 anesthetic solutions.

Figure 1; Incidence of maxillary central incisor pulpal anesthesia as determined by lack of response to electrical pulp testing at the maximum setting (percentage of 80 readings), at each postinjection time interval, for the 2 anesthetic formulations. There were no significant differences (P < .05) between the solutions.
Ingrid Lawaty,
 Melissa Drum,
 Al Reader, and
 John Nusstein
Figure 1
Figure 1

Incidence of maxillary central incisor pulpal anesthesia as determined by lack of response to electrical pulp testing at the maximum setting (percentage of 80 readings), at each postinjection time interval, for the 2 anesthetic formulations. There were no significant differences (P < .05) between the solutions.

Figure 2; Incidence of maxillary first molar pulpal anesthesia as determined by lack of response to electrical pulp testing at the maximum setting (percentage of 80 readings), at each postinjection time interval, for the 2 anesthetic formulations. There were no significant differences (P < .05) between the solutions.
Ingrid Lawaty,
 Melissa Drum,
 Al Reader, and
 John Nusstein
Figure 2
Figure 2

Incidence of maxillary first molar pulpal anesthesia as determined by lack of response to electrical pulp testing at the maximum setting (percentage of 80 readings), at each postinjection time interval, for the 2 anesthetic formulations. There were no significant differences (P < .05) between the solutions.

Ultrasound-Guided Maxillary Nerve Block and Superficial Cervical Plexus Block During Surgery for Maxillary Malignancy: A Case Report
Atsuki Yamaguchi DDS,
 Yuki Kojima DDS, PhD, and
 Kazuya Hirabayashi MD, MBA
Article Category: Brief Report
Volume/Issue: Volume 70: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jun 28, 2023
DOI: 10.2344/anpr-70-02-07
Page Range: 88 – 90

CASE PRESENTATION The patient was an 85-year-old woman (height 146 cm; weight 55 kg; body mass index 25 kg/m 2 ) scheduled for right partial maxillary resection and right neck dissection under general anesthesia as treatment for squamous cell carcinoma of the palate. Her medical history included Alzheimer's disease, diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension, dyslipidemia, C5-C6 cervical spinal stenosis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and binocular cataracts. In addition, she also had a decreased forced expiratory volume in the first 1 second

Buccal Injection of 2% Lidocaine With Epinephrine for the Removal of Maxillary Third Molars
Sunil Yadav MDS,
 Ajay Verma MDS, and
 Akash Sachdeva MDS
Article Category: Other
Volume/Issue: Volume 60: Issue 3
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2013
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-60.3.95
Page Range: 95 – 98

Achieving excellent local anesthesia is the key to many dental treatments. Pain-free operating is an added benefit to the patient but also helps the operator to treat the patient in a calm, unhurried fashion. 1 The removal of maxillary third molars is one of the most frequently performed procedures by dental surgeons. Indications for removal include common pathological conditions such as caries, buccal eruption with food impaction or cheek biting, and recurrent pericoronitis. 2 According to the literature, for the removal of

The Local Pharmacokinetics of 3H-Ropivacaine and 14C-Lidocaine After Maxillary Infiltration Anesthesia in Rats
Hiromi Kimi DDS, PhD,
 Mikiko Yamashiro DDS, PhD, and
 Shuichi Hashimoto PhD
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 59: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2012
DOI: 10.2344/11-14.1
Page Range: 75 – 81

to be lower than that of lidocaine. 7 We hypothesized that a factor that contributed to less effective infiltration anesthesia with ropivacaine was its decreased permeability in oral tissue. In this study, to examine the local distribution of ropivacaine and lidocaine after maxillary infiltration anesthesia, we injected radioisotope-labeled local anesthetics into the rat maxilla, and compared their distributions over time. METHODS Approval from the Animal Care Committee of the Nippon Dental University was obtained before the

Anesthetic Efficacy of 3 Volumes of Lidocaine With Epinephrine in Maxillary Infiltration Anesthesia
Paula Cristina Brunetto DDS,
 José Ranali DDS, PhD,
 Gláucia Maria Bovi Ambrosano Agr. Eng., PhD,
 Patrícia Cristine de Oliveira DDS, PhD,
 Francisco Carlos Groppo DDS, PhD,
 John Gerard Meechan DDS, PhD, and
 Maria Cristina Volpato DDS, PhD
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 55: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2008
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006(2008)55[29:AEOVOL]2.0.CO;2
Page Range: 29 – 34

Textbooks on local dental anesthesia 2 , 6 suggest that volumes ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 mL are needed to achieve pulpal anesthesia after local infiltration. Cowan 7 , 8 investigated the doses of lidocaine with epinephrine required to allow various operative dental treatments to be performed following maxillary infiltration but did not use a double-blind design or a controlled stimulus and did not investigate injection discomfort. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the onset and duration of pulpal anesthesia in target and adjacent teeth, as well as soft

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