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surgeries for a KFS patient with micrognathia. CASE REPORT A 27-year-old woman (160 cm, 44 kg) was scheduled for surgical treatment of her skeletal maxillary protrusion with mandibular retrognathia. She had an extremely small mandible and significant retrognathia, with an overjet (horizontal distance between the maxilla and mandible) of 18 mm. She could not make a forward motion of the mandible, and cervical extension was limited. Airway examination revealed that her Mallampati score was class 4, although she did not have a short neck. Mouth

Emanuel syndrome is a rare recessive hereditary disorder, first described in 1976. 1 Most of the clinical information was published in the 1980s. 2 The features include tracheomalacia, micrognathia, seizure disorder, and congenital heart disease. 3 , 4 However, anesthetic management of these patients has been only minimally reported. 4 , 5 We report a case of a patient with Emanuel syndrome undergoing palatoplasty under general anesthesia. CASE REPORT The patient was a 2-year-old boy, 82.3 cm (32.4 in) in

Nicolaides-Baraitser syndrome (NCBRS) is a very rare congenital genetic disorder with the characteristic findings of developmental delay, dysmorphic facial features, seizures, small stature, and sparse hair. 1 Herein, we present the first anesthetic report of a patient with NCBRS who had micrognathia, limited mouth opening, and a difficult airway that was successfully managed and nasally intubated with a flexible fiberoptic scope (FS) during general anesthesia for dental treatment. CASE REPORT The patient was a 9

Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdL) is characterized by growth disturbances (short stature, micrognathia), intellectual disability, congenital heart disease (ventricular septal defect [VSD], atrial septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, tetralogy of Fallot [TOF]) and multiple other physical malformations (abnormalities of bones in the arms, hands, and fingers, low-set ears, small and upturned nose). Here is a report of a case involving general anesthesia for a 21-year-old patient with CdL and unrepaired TOF, further complicated by micrognathia

Ring 18 syndrome or ring chromosome 18 is a rare genetic abnormality, with ∼70 cases reported worldwide. Although patients may rarely present with few, or even lack, apparent symptoms, common clinical manifestations include congenital heart defects, low height, craniofacial abnormalities such as microcephaly and micrognathia, and intellectual disability. Here, we report the general anesthetic management of a patient with ring chromosome 18 for dental treatment. CASE REPORT A 20-year-old man (weight 28.8 kg; height

Micrognathia, 103 Midazolam sedation, 95 Modified i-gel™ airway, 145 Multimodal analgesia, 99 Narcotics, 18 Nasotracheal intubation, 18, 47 Operating room, 21 Oral, 111 Oral and maxillofacial surgery, 145 Oral surgery, 3 Orthognathic surgeries, 103 Orthognathic surgery, 18 Oxygenation, 78 Pain control, 18 Periosteal flap, 53 PONV, 18 Postoperative ophthalmological emergency, 155 Postoperative pain control, 99 Post-operative pain

/d), nitrazepam (20 mg/d), and clonazepam (4 mg/d). Preoperative echocardiogram and electrocardiogram for cardiac evaluation were normal. Although dental malocclusion and micrognathia were noted preoperatively, a more thorough airway evaluation was not feasible because of the patient's uncooperative nature. General anesthesia was induced by inhaled sevoflurane (5%), N 2 O (2 L/min), and oxygen (4 L/min). Intravenous access was then secured with a 22-gauge intravenous catheter inserted in the dorsum of the left hand. Intraoperative anesthetic monitoring included use of a