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Pediatric, 22 Pediatric anesthesia, 162 Pediatric cardiac arrhythmias, 110 Pediatric difficult airway, 118 Periodontal ligament, 14 Periodontics, 153 Postdischarge adverse event, 91 Postoperative pain, 140 Preemptive, 57 Preoperative pain, 135 Procedural sedation, 31 Propofol, 8 Propofol sedation, 159 Pulseless ventricular tachycardia, 162 Randomized clinical trial, 46 Remifentanil, 8, 51 Repeated general anesthesia, 71 Respiratory, 100

specialties. (Note: The application compares accreditation standards of the proposed anesthesiology specialty with the following accredited program areas where anxiety and pain are commonly involved: Endodontics, Pediatric Dentistry, Periodontics, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and General Practice Residency.) • Advanced knowledge ○ Compare and contrast the accreditation standards of each of the recognized dental specialties with the advanced knowledge required for the specialty, especially with regard to the level of

.0%), medical hospital-based anesthesia programs (10.7%), continuing education programs (8.5%), and a Dental Organization for Conscious Sedation (DOCS) training program (8.4%). Remaining responses (10.5%) included sedation/anesthesia training within pediatric, periodontic, and general practice residencies, as well as predoctoral sedation/anesthesia selective programs. It should be noted that the format allowed for multiple answers in this category, and 50 respondents signified multiple resources for sedation/anesthesia training. The most common multiple sedation

practitioners by type of dental practice was represented by the following: general dentistry 20%, oral and maxillofacial surgery 63%, periodontics 6%, pediatric dentistry 9%, and dental anesthesiology 1%. For comparison, in 1996 the types of practices represented were general dentistry 11%, oral and maxillofacial surgery 84%, periodontics 5%, pediatric dentistry 0%, and dental anesthesiology less than 1%. This distribution may reflect an increase over the 10-year period in the number of dental practitioners who now provide sedation/anesthesia services in areas other than oral

trying to apply these findings to other types of surgeries is the lack of clarity about what constitutes acceptable versus unacceptable movement. Oral and maxillofacial surgeons often tolerate patient movement during dental extractions; however, patient movement is less acceptable for other dental procedures such as endodontics, periodontics, and implant placement. The authors also acknowledge controversy regarding the effect of DEX on perioperative patient movement, citing 3 findings that reported an effect opposite to the findings of this article. Differences in the

minutes to complete, are likely different from those of other dental procedures (e.g., restorative, endodontic, and periodontal treatment) that take more time. Palatal anesthesia has been reported to occur within 5 to 10 minutes following buccal infiltration of articaine for extractions. 3 In endodontics and periodontics, palatal surgery may require 60 to 90 minutes of anesthesia. Application of a rubber dam clamp for restorative dentistry and endodontics may need palatal anesthesia for 45 to 60 minutes. Therefore, an extended duration of palatal soft-tissue anesthesia