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Large-Dose Epinephrine Reduces Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow Under General Anesthesia in Rabbits
Yui Terakawa DDS, PhD and
 Tatsuya Ichinohe DDS, PhD
Article Category: Other
Volume/Issue: Volume 59: Issue 3
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2012
DOI: 10.2344/12-00006.1
Page Range: 118 – 122

thrombosis (DVT) might be increased in clinical settings. It has been reported that DVT has occurred in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery. 11 In this study, therefore, we observed the changes in skeletal muscle blood flow during small- and large-dose epinephrine infusions in anesthetized rabbits. METHODS Sixteen male Japan White rabbits (2.2–2.7 kg), purchased from Sankyo Labo Company, Tokyo, Japan, were utilized. This study was performed according to the Guidelines for the Treatment of Experimental Animals in Tokyo

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Figure 5. ; Chromatogram of lidocaine from mandibular bone in rabbit.
Sachie Ogawa,
 Masahiro Watanabe,
 Hiroyoshi Kawaai,
 Hitoshi Tada, and
 Shinya Yamazaki
<bold>Figure 5</bold> . 
Figure 5 . 

Chromatogram of lidocaine from mandibular bone in rabbit.

Involvement of α- and β-Adrenergic Receptors in Skeletal Muscle Blood Flow Changes During Hyper-/Hypocapnia in Anesthetized Rabbits
Kyotaro Koshika DDS, PhD,
 Rumi Kaneko DDS,
 Mai Shionoya DDS,
 Kotaro Shimizu DDS,
 Yuka Sendai DDS,
 Nobutaka Matsuura DDS,
 Yui Akiike DDS, PhD, and
 Tatsuya Ichinohe DDS, PhD
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 70: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jun 28, 2023
DOI: 10.2344/anpr-70-02-02
Page Range: 58 – 64

Skeletal muscle blood flow is regulated by various mechanisms. 1 , 2 In general, nitric oxide, carbon dioxide, lactate, adenosine, adenosine triphosphate, and serotonin have vasodilatory effects, while endothelin and serotonin have vasoconstrictive effects. Although carbon dioxide has direct vasodilatory effects, an elevation in PaCO 2 also enhances sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity, which leads to vasoconstriction with a net result of reduced blood flow at the skeletal muscle tissue level. 1 In anesthetized rabbits, increases in

Figure 3. ; Chromatogram of lidocaine concentration from oral mucosa in rabbit in one case.
Eri Tanaka,
 Kenji Yoshida,
 Hiroyoshi Kawaai, and
 Shinya Yamazaki
Figure 3. 
Figure 3. 

Chromatogram of lidocaine concentration from oral mucosa in rabbit in one case.

Figure 1. ; Changes in muscle blood flow in Ep-0.01 and Ep-0.1 groups. Data are expressed as the percentage change of respective control values. MBF indicates masseter muscle tissue blood flow; QBF, quadriceps muscle tissue blood flow mean ± SD (n = 8).
Yui Terakawa and
 Tatsuya Ichinohe
<bold>Figure 1.</bold>
Figure 1.

Changes in muscle blood flow in Ep-0.01 and Ep-0.1 groups. Data are expressed as the percentage change of respective control values. MBF indicates masseter muscle tissue blood flow; QBF, quadriceps muscle tissue blood flow mean ± SD (n = 8).

Figure 2. ; Relationship between common carotid artery blood flow (CCBF) and masseter muscle tissue blood flow (MBF). Positive correlation was observed between CCBF and MBF (r = 0.84).
Yui Terakawa and
 Tatsuya Ichinohe
<bold>Figure 2.</bold>
Figure 2.

Relationship between common carotid artery blood flow (CCBF) and masseter muscle tissue blood flow (MBF). Positive correlation was observed between CCBF and MBF (r = 0.84).

Figure 3. ; Relationship between common carotid artery blood flow (CCBF) and quadriceps muscle tissue blood flow (QBF). Positive correlation was observed between CCBF and QBF (r = 0.79).
Yui Terakawa and
 Tatsuya Ichinohe
<bold>Figure 3.</bold>
Figure 3.

Relationship between common carotid artery blood flow (CCBF) and quadriceps muscle tissue blood flow (QBF). Positive correlation was observed between CCBF and QBF (r = 0.79).

The Effect of Dexmedetomidine on Oral Mucosal Blood Flow and the Absorption of Lidocaine
Shu Tomita,
 Shinya Yamazaki,
 Kohei Togami,
 Hitoshi Tada, and
 Hiroyoshi Kawaai
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 65: Issue 3
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2018
DOI: 10.2344/anpr-65-03-02
Page Range: 168 – 176

are clearly involved in vascular constriction in the gingiva of cats and rats. For this reason, we hypothesized that oral mucosal blood flow would be reduced because of the peripheral activation of alpha-2 adrenoreceptors by DEX. Two studies in rabbits were completed. In experiment 1, we focused on the relationship between the effects of intravenous DEX on oral mucosal blood flow in the oral cavity. If DEX was indeed found to reduce the oral mucosal blood flow in experiment 1, we hypothesized that the systemic absorption of lidocaine without epinephrine

Tissue Blood Flow During Remifentanil Infusion With Carbon Dioxide Loading
Hiroaki Kanbe DDS, PhD,
 Nobuyuki Matsuura DDS, PhD,
 Masataka Kasahara DDS, PhD, and
 Tatsuya Ichinohe DDS, PhD
Article Category: Other
Volume/Issue: Volume 62: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2015
DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-62.2.51
Page Range: 51 – 56

effect of changes in end-tidal carbon dioxide tension (ETCO 2 ) during Remi infusion on oral tissue blood flow in rabbits. METHOD Eight male Japan White rabbits weighing approximately 2.5 kg were used in this study. All animals received humane care in accordance with the Guideline for the Treatment of Experimental Animals approved by Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan (approval no. 232501). Anesthesia was induced with 3.0% isoflurane (Forane, Abbott Japan, Tokyo, Japan). Tracheostomy was performed using infiltration anesthesia with 0

Effects of Stellate Ganglion Blockade on Muscle Blood Flow During Hypercapnia
Tatsuya Ichinohe DDS, PhD,
 Yui Akiike DDS, PhD,
 Natsuki Saito DDS,
 Masato Koike DDS,
 Kyotaro Koshika DDS, PhD, and
 Nobuyuki Matsuura DDS, PhD
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 67: Issue 3
Online Publication Date: Sep 29, 2020
DOI: 10.2344/anpr-67-01-04
Page Range: 135 – 139

administration during permissive hypercapnia were investigated in anesthetized rabbits. METHODS Eight male Japanese white rabbits (2.2–2.7 kg) were used (Sankyo Labo Co, Tokyo, Japan). This study was performed according to The Guidelines for the Treatment of Experimental Animals of Tokyo Dental College. 19 All animals were allowed food and water ad libitum until the morning of the experiment. Anesthesia was induced by inhalation of isoflurane (4.0%) (Abbot Japan, Tokyo, Japan) and oxygen delivered using a mask. Before skin incisions for