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effects from each drug class. This article presents and reviews 3 new analgesic agents that may be useful in treating postoperative dental and maxillofacial pain: tapentadol immediate release (Nucynta) diclofenac potassium soft gelatin capsules (Zipsor) and bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension (EXPAREL). TAPENTADOL IMMEDIATE-RELEASE Tapentadol immediate-release was granted approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in November 2008 and is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. 7 , 8 Tapentadol is a both a mu

PONV, 25 Postoperative bleeding, 72 Postoperative swelling, 25 Prilocaine, 99 Propofol, 67, 162 Propofol drip infusion, 60 Salivary alpha amylase, 46 Salivary cortisol, 46 Sedation, 54 Sevoflurane, 67 Sonophoresis, 37 Stress, 46 Tapentadol, 178 Thermosoftening, 109 Tracheal tubes, 109 Trauma, 25

-3093 . 2 Kleinert R, Lange C, Steup A, Black P, Goldberg J, Desjardins P. Single dose analgesic efficacy of tapentadol in postsurgical dental pain: the results

should not be prescribed or administered agonist-antagonists such as pentazocine or nalbuphine or weak agonists such as tramadol or tapentadol because they may precipitate withdrawal. ANTIBIOTICS There are surprisingly few complications associated with antibiotic therapy other than drug allergies addressed previously 2 and tetracycline staining of developing teeth. Otherwise, their principal complications are opportunistic yeast infections or GI complications such as nausea, diarrhea, and colitis. Opportunistic