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(hemoglobin 7.6 g/dL; hematocrit 21.4%), so the 4 units of predeposited autologous blood were transfused to compensate ( Table ). The bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy was then started, and tranexamic acid 1 g was intravenously administered to improve hemostasis. However, the anemia did not improve until the end of the surgery (hemoglobin 7.5 g/dL; hematocrit 23.5%) due to the sustained bleeding from the surgical sites although her mean blood pressure was maintained at 60–65 mm Hg throughout the surgery ( Table ). Blood loss and IV fluid totals were 1442 mL and 2470

rate (HR) was 108 beats/min, blood pressure (BP) was 115/63 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry (SpO 2 ) was 100% in room air. Preoperative laboratory examination 7 days prior revealed pancytopenia: hemoglobin 8.4 g/dL, platelet count 2.3 × 10 4 cells/μL, WBC 2.9 × 10 3 cells/μL, absolute neutrophil count 203 cells/μL, and lymphocyte count 2436 cells/μL. However, no purpura was observed. No abnormal findings were observed on the chest X-ray and electrocardiogram. He received 4 rounds of platelet transfusions (5 units each; total 20

the need for additional support or treatment. In general, hemolysis is seen 1 to 3 days after contact with triggering factors. Acute hemolysis is self-limited, but in rare instances it can be severe enough to warrant a blood transfusion. 24 The patient may develop cyanosis, headache, fatigue, tachycardia, dyspnea, lethargy, lumbar/substernal pain, abdominal pain, splenomegaly, hemoglobinuria, and/or scleral icterus. 3 , 23 , 25 Also, the breakdown products of hemoglobin will accumulate in the blood, causing jaundice, and they can be excreted in the urine, causing

, et al. Intraoperative core temperature patterns, transfusion requirement, and hospital duration in patients warmed with forced air . Anesthesiology . 2015 ; 122 : 276 – 285 . 4. Lenhardt R. The effect of anesthesia on body temperature control . Front Biosci (Schol Ed) . 2010 ; 2 : 1145 – 1154 . 5

male patient who had undergone corrective jaw surgery in South America a few weeks prior presented for treatment of postoperative oropharyngeal hemorrhage. The patient had been transfused 5 units of packed red blood cells and had undergone attempted interventions in his home country in the week leading up to his transfer to our institution. Upon arrival, the patient appeared stable with minimal intraoral bleeding. On preanesthetic evaluation, his vitals were stable: he was afebrile with blood pressure of 121/68 mm Hg, pulse of 67 beats per minute, and oxygen

anesthetic injections in the mandible rather than deep nerve blocks. Patients should be cautioned preoperatively that excessive bleeding may occur and that they may require hospitalization and even blood transfusions, but that this is preferable to suffering an acute myocardial infarction and sudden death in the office or at home if the medications are stopped. Written informed consent of the patient concerning all of these adverse outcomes is highly desirable. Finally, we need to educate medical and dental practitioners who have for years recommended that patients

disease, but also because there are new drugs on the market that have been shown to be highly effective in treating the disease. The people with the highest risk include those who have received clotting factor concentrates made before 1987, blood transfusions, or solid organ transplants before July 1992. Also at high risk are injection drug abusers, even those who have injected only once or at any time in the past; those who are on chronic hemodialysis; those who have had known exposure to HCV or HIV; and those who were born to mothers who were HCV positive. 1

because of a decreased production of NADPH. Administering doses above 15 mg/kg can initiate methemoglobinemia by oxidation of hemoglobin to methemoglobin. No current therapy is available for the treatment of life-threatening, methylene blue refractory methemoglobinemia. Alternative therapies like exchange transfusions and hyperbaric oxygen therapy may be the remaining options for such patients, but the efficacy of these modalities has not been proven. 3 In patients with a known history of methemoglobinemia, cimetidine may be used prophylactically to inhibit the

had anatomical abnormalities as a risk factor for postoperative AACG. Many factors are associated with intraocular pressure during anesthesia. 2 , 4 Most anesthetic drugs are associated with intraocular hypotension. Endotracheal intubation, extubation, bucking, hypoxia, acute hypertension, prone position, and excessive transfusion are the factors associated with intraocular hypertension. 3 In this case, endotracheal intubation and extubation were smooth and no significant elevation of blood pressure was evident. Bucking, hypoxia, and acute hypertension did

images of all included patients were aggregated from their medical records. We hypothesized that several anatomical and physical factors might influence the success of tracheostomy tube exchange: age, height, weight, BMI, operation time, anesthesia time, infusion volume, blood transfusion volume, urine volume, bleeding volume, in-out balance, tracheal depth, and S/H ratio. For the patient presented in this case report, the factors identified as being 3+ standard deviations (SD) from the mean included body weight, operation time, anesthesia time, tracheal depth, and S