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Respiratory Monitoring: Physiological and Technical Considerations

Daniel E. Becker DDS and

Andrew B. Casabianca DMD, MD

Article Category: Research Article

Volume/Issue: Volume 56: Issue 1

Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2009

DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-56.1.14

Page Range: 14 – 22

Guidelines for monitoring during anesthesia were first introduced by Eichhorn et al in 1986 when they published guidelines adopted at Harvard Medical School. 1 The American Dental Society of Anesthesiology should be credited with its timely follow-up by publishing guidelines for the dental profession in 1991. 2 The authors, Drs Morton B. Rosenberg and Robert L. Campbell, spearheaded a consensus of guidelines that clearly detail appropriate monitoring for moderate (conscious) sedation compared with that for deep sedation and general

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Cardiovascular Monitoring: Physiological and Technical Considerations

Andrew B. Casabianca DMD, MD and

Daniel E. Becker DDS

Article Category: Research Article

Volume/Issue: Volume 56: Issue 2

Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2009

DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-56.2.53

Page Range: 53 – 60

The American Dental Association (ADA) 1 and many specialty groups in dentistry, and medicine for that matter, have developed and published monitoring guidelines for their members. In terms of respiratory monitoring, these guidelines are similar in most regards, and they all adhere to those suggested currently for non-anesthesiologists by the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA). 2 Principles of respiratory monitoring were presented in a previous continuing education article in this journal. 3 The focus of this article is

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Respiratory Monitoring for Anesthesia and Sedation

Jay A. Anderson DDS, MD

Article Category: Other

Volume/Issue: Volume 70: Issue 4

Online Publication Date: Jan 15, 2024

DOI: 10.2344/862700

Page Range: 198 – 201

Risk management is of foreno t importance to research and attention over the past several years. A major component of risk management is the area of physiologic monitoring. Monitoring is the collection and/or observation of data, often from specific organ systems, that are evaluated and interpreted in order to provide the safest care possible. The stresses imposed by anesthesia and surgery require that vigilant monitoring be carried out continuously to allow the prompt recognition of a deleterious trend or an acute problem, as well as the

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Figure 6; Supplemental Oxygen and Respiratory Monitoring. Capnography (ETCO2) is the purest measure of hypoventilation. The lower tracing in this graph shows a simultaneous elevation in ETCO2 as hypoventilation commences. The top 2 tracings show pulse oximeter readings for patients supplemented with oxygen and those breathing room air. Note the top tracing shows no warning of hypoventilation, but the tracing for patients breathing room air declines in concert with the capnographic reading (adapted from Fu ES et al8).

Daniel E. Becker and

Andrew B. Casabianca

Figure 6

Supplemental Oxygen and Respiratory Monitoring. Capnography (ETCO₂) is the purest measure of hypoventilation. The lower tracing in this graph shows a simultaneous elevation in ETCO₂ as hypoventilation commences. The top 2 tracings show pulse oximeter readings for patients supplemented with oxygen and those breathing room air. Note the top tracing shows no warning of hypoventilation, but the tracing for patients breathing room air declines in concert with the capnographic reading (adapted from Fu ES et al ⁸ ).

Bispectral Index Monitoring of Sedation Depth in Pediatric Dental Patients

Christel M. Haberland DDS, MS,

Suher Baker DMD, BDS, MS, and

Haibei Liu MPH

Article Category: Research Article

Volume/Issue: Volume 58: Issue 2

Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2011

DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006-58.2.66

Page Range: 66 – 72

The use of pharmaco-sedation is an important adjunct in the behavior management of pediatric dental patients. During the last decade there has been an increase in dental procedures performed with sedation in outpatient dental offices 1 – 6 ; therefore, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) have published a series of guidelines for the monitoring and management of pediatric patients during and after sedations. 7 , 8 According to these guidelines, a clinician must be able to rescue the

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Noncontact Monitoring of Respiration by Dynamic Air-Pressure Sensor

Tohru Takarada DDS, PhD,

Tetsunosuke Asada DDS, PhD,

Yoshihisa Sumi DDS, and

Yoshinori Higuchi DDS, PhD

Article Category: Research Article

Volume/Issue: Volume 62: Issue 3

Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2015

DOI: 10.2344/12-00020.1

Page Range: 100 – 105

Management of patient fear and anxiety during surgical procedures is a primary concern of dental practitioners. Sedation is increasingly being used to improve patient comfort by relieving anxiety, elevating the pain threshold, rendering the patient compliant, and inducing amnesia. 1 However, many drugs used for sedation are central nervous system and respiratory depressants that can result in decreased ventilatory response to CO 2 , attenuated tidal volume, and decreased respiratory rate. 2 – 5 Accordingly, respiratory monitoring during

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An Alternative Approach to the Monitoring of Respiration by Dynamic Air-Pressure Sensor

Tohru Takarada DDS, PhD,

Michio Kawahara MD, PhD,

Masahiro Irifune DDS, PhD,

Chie Endo DDS,

Yoshitaka Shimizu DDS,

Keiko Kobayashi DDS,

Keiko Sakata DDS,

Nobuhito Kikuchi DDS,

Takuya Saida DDS, and

Chiori Onizuka DDS

Article Category: Research Article

Volume/Issue: Volume 54: Issue 1

Online Publication Date: Jan 01, 2007

DOI: 10.2344/0003-3006(2007)54[2:AAATTM]2.0.CO;2

Page Range: 2 – 6

Conscious sedation is a pharmacologically induced state of relaxation in which the patient remains conscious and cooperative throughout dental treatment. 1 However, monitoring and assessing patient respiratory function during conscious sedation are important because many drugs used for conscious sedation produce respiratory depression and subsequent hypoventilation. At present, the noninvasive methods utilized for continuous quantitative monitoring of breathing patterns include respiratory inductive plethysmography, tidal volume (TV

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