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A study by the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA), reported in 2010, found that a lack of understanding and fear about general anesthesia has led to as many as 25% of patients postponing necessary surgery. 1 However, the attitude of patients about having general anesthesia specifically for oral surgery procedures has never been investigated. The purpose of this study was to determine if patients who need to undergo a general anesthetic for oral surgery have the same apprehension as those needing major surgery. It was hypothesized

Minor oral surgical procedures, such as dissection and detachment of the gingival mucosa and periosteum or removal of bone tissue, are relatively invasive, with a high incidence of postoperative pain, the level of which is frequently high. 1 – 3 Postoperative pain may be caused by postsurgical inflammation secondary to invasive stimulation, and it markedly affects patient recovery and satisfaction. 4 – 6 Therefore, postoperative pain relief is important and drugs having not only a strong analgesic effect but also anti-inflammatory effects

Because of the large number of patients who are anxious regarding dental or oral surgical treatment, dentists have developed a range of techniques to provide anxiolysis and/or sedation for procedures that they perform. The most common forms of sedation in the dental office are nitrous oxide–oxygen inhalation sedation, or oral sedation with benzodiazepines. Triazolam (Halcion), a benzodiazepine derivative, is a sedative-hypnotic drug with a short half-life that causes little residual central nervous system depression (ie, drowsiness or ‘‘hangover

Several trends and various combinations of medications have been used for minimal and moderate enteral sedation in pediatric dental patients. A variety of factors, such as efficacy, safety records, patient acceptance, and the development of novel and more widely accepted medications, have expanded the envelope of available agents in use today. Various medications administered orally can act on gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), opioid, histamine (H1), or alpha-2 adrenergic receptors within the central nervous system (CNS) to produce sedative effects with the

rate in response to stressful events. 4 – 8 DEX has a relatively high ratio of alpha-2 to alpha-1 activity (1620:1) in comparison with clonidine (220:1). Stimulation of alpha-2 adrenoreceptors within the spinal cord modulates pain pathways, thereby providing some degree of analgesia. 9 – 11 In addition, DEX induces a sedative response that exhibits properties similar to natural sleep without significant respiratory depression, unlike other hypnotic anesthetics. 12 DEX can therefore be used in sedation for oral implant surgery. 13 However, oral surgery can

, ear lobe, remaining umbilicus, or nipple. 1 Rarely, this syndrome may also affect the tongue and uvula, with very little reference of oral effects found in medical literature. There is no mention of the dental effects of HTS in either medical or dental literature. Like most body growth, hair growth is dynamic and a single hair can vary in its growth cycle from its neighbor. On average, as many as 50–100 hairs per day enter and complete the telegenic phase of hair growth and exfoliate. 2 Factors that influence exfoliation are recent birth, chemotherapy, frequent

. No clinical training in dental or oral surgery is included in the dental anesthesiology residency. 2 The unique training of this class of dentists bears more resemblance to the training of medical anesthesia providers than other dental specialties, yet the literature is nearly silent regarding the nature of their clinical practice after completion of their training. 3 Most of what is currently known about dental office-based anesthesia is derived from the oral surgery literature. Perrott et al 4 reported on a 12-month, prospective study of outcomes of 34

PERIOPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS TAKING ORAL ANTITHROMBOTICS Management of oral antithrombotics (OATs) for patients undergoing dental procedures with sedation or general anesthesia requires understanding the factors used to weigh the risks and benefits of continuing or stopping OATs perioperatively and framing treatment modifications to fit with the proposed surgical and anesthetic procedures. Questions that must be addressed include the following: 1) whether OAT agents should be continued, “bridged” (ie, temporarily substituted), or

cutaneous blood flow. 18 The purpose of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial was to characterize the sedative/anxiolytic effects and changes in skin temperatures of oral clonidine pretreatment prior to IV catheter placement. METHODS The study protocol and informed consent form were approved by The Ohio State University Institutional Review Board. Inclusion criteria were (a) adults with American Society of Anesthesiologists ASA1 or ASA2 health status, (b) severe chronic periodontal disease and/or the

other clotting factors to break down the formed clot. 2 ORAL ANTIPLATELET AGENTS It is estimated that 9.3% (26.1 million) of the adult population in the United States suffers from cardiovascular disease, including atherosclerosis. 5 Such conditions commonly include acute coronary syndrome (ACS), coronary artery disease, peripheral arterial disease, ischemic cerebrovascular accidents, and transient ischemic attacks. 6 Oral antiplatelet (OAP) agents are the cornerstone of pharmacologic management for these atherothrombotic conditions