Although there are conflicting data, several authors have proposed that articaine’s molecular properties suggest improved perfusion capabilities over other amide anesthetics. The purpose of this prospective, randomized, crossover study was to evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of palatal soft-tissue anesthesia following a buccal infiltration of 1.8 and 3.6 mL of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. One hundred eighteen adults received 1.8 or 3.6 mL of 4% articaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine as a buccal infiltration of the maxillary first molar at 2 separate appointments. Palatal soft-tissue anesthesia was evaluated with a dental explorer. Anesthetic success was defined as the absence of pain with an explorer stick. For the subjects who achieved palatal anesthesia, mapping was conducted over 70 minutes, and the overall area of palatal anesthesia was calculated. The data were analyzed using chi-square tests. The highest percentage of palatal anesthetic success was 20% for the 1.8-mL volume and 32% for the 3.6-mL volume both at 30 minutes. A statistically significant difference between the 1.8- and 3.6-mL volumes was seen at 40 minutes. There was high variability in area measurements for subjects who achieved palatal anesthesia. The highest area measurements were 92 mm2 for the 1.8-mL volume at 20 minutes and 113 mm2 for the 3.6-mL volume at 10 minutes. Because of the low success rates (20%–32%) and the high variability of the area anesthetized for the subjects who achieved palatal anesthesia, the clinical efficacy of 1.8 or 3.6 mL of articaine via buccal infiltration for palatal anesthesia is of questionable value.Objective
Methods
Results
Conclusion
Palatal Anesthesia Success Rates Over Time.
The highest success rate was 20% for the 1.8-mL volume at 30 minutes and 32% for the 3.6-mL volume at 30 minutes. The only significant difference in success between the 2 volumes occurred at 40 minutes (11% and 30%, respectively; P < .05). Declining success was seen after 30 minutes with both volumes. *P < .05.
Mean Area (mm2) of Palatal Anesthesia Over Time.
The highest mean area measurements for those who reported palatal anesthesia were 92 mm2 at 20 minutes for the 1.8-mL volume and 113 mm2 at 10 minutes for the 3.6-mL volume.
Palatal Anesthesia Variability.
The highest area measurement for adequate anesthesia (217–288 mm2) was 27% for 3.6-mL volume and 18% for 1.8-mL volume. The greatest number and percent of area measurements were in the inadequate anesthesia (3–72 mm2) category for both the 1.8-mL and 3.6-mL volume.
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ISSN: 0003-3006