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The presence of cyanosis is disturbing even in cases when its cause is known. When a patient under general anesthesia suddenly develops cyanosis, it may be particularly alarming for the surgeon and anesthesiologist. The sudden onset of cyanosis in patients under general anesthesia is most often caused by airway obstruction, cardiovascular collapse, massive embolism, or pneumothorax. In these cases, the cyanosis is caused by hypoxia. In some rare instances, cyanosis is the result of methemoglobinemia, where the hemoglobin’s oxygen-carrying capacity is

in oxygen saturation and no other complications. DISCUSSION The most frequent reaction to occur with dapsone toxicity is hemolytic anemia and methemoglobinemia. Hemoglobin levels can decrease by 1–2 g/dL with an increase of 2–12% in the reticulocyte count. 1 Most patients are asymptomatic until approximately 30% of hemoglobin is present as methemoglobin, although lower levels may be associated with cyanosis. Discontinuation of therapy is only indicated when the methemoglobinemia causes symptomatic, hemodynamic instability

at extubation, which occurred at 1330 hours, roughly 40 minutes after surgery. Her SpO 2 remained within 92%–95% with supplemental oxygen administered via a face mask. The overall duration of anesthesia was 4 hours 22 minutes, and the total operative time was 2 hours 45 minutes. Venous Blood Gas After returning to the ward, the patient was monitored via electrocardiography, pulse oximetry, and a noninvasive blood pressure monitor. Cyanosis of the lips was observed 15 minutes after she

In patients with single ventricle heart defects, the Glenn procedure is performed to help alleviate cyanosis by rerouting blood flow from the superior vena cava directly to the pulmonary arteries and is completed prior to additional repair with the Fontan procedure. 1 , 2 Glenn circulation causes the blood from the inferior vena cava to mix with that in the pulmonary vein, leading to hypoxemia, cyanosis, 3 and secondary polycythemia. 4 We performed lip repair and palatoplasty under general anesthesia in a 1-year-old patient with left

Catabolism, dehydration, infection, toxicity, convulsion, and drugs are known causes of postoperative hyperthermia. Ordinarily, antifebrile agents are used for the treatment. However, hyperthermia associated with anesthesia is one of the signs of malignant hyperthermia (MH). Other signs and symptoms of MH include tachycardia, dysrhythmia, an elevated systolic blood pressure (BP), hypercapnia, tachypnea, cyanosis, and muscular rigidity with a high body temperature (BT). Characteristic laboratory findings include myoglobinuria; elevated levels of serum

 month of age. He was diagnosed with LVNC and chronic heart failure at 4 months. The patient was taking alpha‐ and beta‐blockers, an angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, digitalis, and diuretics. He was sedentary in daily life. Climbing stairs, running, or crying resulted in breathlessness and cyanosis within approximately 1 minute. We evaluated him as American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status 3. Preanesthetic blood tests were difficult to obtain because of his uncooperativeness and needle phobia. Even his pediatrician performed only

, Spencer TA, Hunter GC. Methemoglobinemia: an unusual cause of postoperative cyanosis . J Vasc Surg . 2004 ; 39 : 686 – 690 . 3.  Wilburn-Goo D, Lloyd LM. When patients become cyanotic: acquired methemoglobinemia . J Am Dent Assoc . 1999

the need for additional support or treatment. In general, hemolysis is seen 1 to 3 days after contact with triggering factors. Acute hemolysis is self-limited, but in rare instances it can be severe enough to warrant a blood transfusion. 24 The patient may develop cyanosis, headache, fatigue, tachycardia, dyspnea, lethargy, lumbar/substernal pain, abdominal pain, splenomegaly, hemoglobinuria, and/or scleral icterus. 3 , 23 , 25 Also, the breakdown products of hemoglobin will accumulate in the blood, causing jaundice, and they can be excreted in the urine, causing

increased the potency of the anesthetic, hypercapnia stimulated respiration, and lower metabolism during anesthesia required less O 2 . Dentists are mentioned as being the proponents of this technique and were successful because they, like most physicians, were not particularly concerned with cyanosis. Instruction manuals of early gas-oxygen delivery systems endorsed a hypoxic technique (5–10% O 2 ) and recommended disregarding cyanosis, disseminating the concept of the necessity and safety of cyanosis. The introduction of intravenous agents (thiopental 1936