The practice of restricting a patient's oral intake prior to surgery is almost as old as the discovery of anesthesia itself. Starting in the late 19th century with Sir Joseph Lister who permitted the consumption of “tea or beef tea,” preoperative fasting instructions drastically changed following Mendelson's 1946 report in which 2 patients who ate full meals 6 to 8 hours prior to surgery died because of pulmonary aspiration during general anesthesia. The recommendation of “NPO after midnight” for liquids and solids soon followed to combat intraoperative vomiting and aspiration risks with little to no consideration of the individual patient's